Difference between revisions of "Yogurt"

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==Why This Recipe Works==
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I adapted an America's Test Kitchen recipe for homemade yogurt for my sous vide immersion heater.
  
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For tangy, creamy yogurt, we skipped the usual preliminary scalding and cooling steps by starting with ultra-pasteurized milk, which has already been rapidly heated and chilled. This lets bacterial cultures turn it into an especially thick and silky yogurt. We brought the milk to 115 degrees and stirred in store-bought yogurt with live cultures, strains of bacteria that digest the lactose in milk, producing lactic acid. This acid is what gives yogurt its flavor and causes the proteins in milk to gradually form a gel, turning liquid milk into creamy yogurt. To provide those bacteria with a cozy environment to do their work, we placed a covered pot of boiling water in the oven beside the pot of warm water holding the jars of milk. This setup helped the oven maintain a temperature of 100 to 115 degrees for hours. After that, it was just a matter of tasting for tartness and thickness to decide when to pop the jars into the fridge to let the yogurt set.
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I use [https://weckjars.com/product/743-mold-jar Weck 743 glass canning jars] as my yogurt containers, each of which holds about three cups of yogurt. My measurements are based on using four of these jars.  Adjust the amount of milk in the recipe according to the capacity of the jars you use.
  
 
==Ingredients==
 
==Ingredients==
  
 
{|
 
{|
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|align=right|7½
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|align=right|10
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|cups ultra-pasteurized whole, 2 percent low-fat, 1 percent low-fat, or skim milk
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|cups whole milk
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|-
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|align=right|1
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|cup heavy cream (if unavailable, substitute whole milk)
 
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|-
 
|align=right|½
 
|align=right|½
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|cup plain yogurt
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|cup nonfat dry milk powder (optional, for denser yogurt)
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|-
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|align=right|1
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|cup plain yogurt with live, active cultures (Use prior batch as a starter or purchase new from the grocery store.)
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
==Directions==
 
==Directions==
  
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# Bring milk to 115 degrees in saucepan over medium heat, 2 to 5 minutes. (If your milk gets hotter than 115 degrees, let it cool to 115 degrees before proceeding. Higher temperatures can kill some cultures.) Off heat, whisk yogurt into milk until very well combined. Divide mixture evenly between two 1-quart Mason jars (they will be very full; a funnel can be helpful for this step). Add lids, then screw on rings until just finger-tight.
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# Combine the milk, cream, and dry milk powder (if using) in a saucepan.  Scald the mixture (bring to 181°F.)  Remove from heat and let stand, cooling to 120°F, about 75 minutes. (Do not attempt to accelerate the cooling process by placing in the refrigerator or a cold water bath. This will inhibit yogurt culture development.)
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# Adjust oven rack to lowest position and turn on oven light. Bring 5 quarts water to boil in large covered pot. Place jars in second large pot. Add water until jars are submerged to their necks. (If jars are taller than pot, add water to 1¼ inches from rim of pot.) Remove jars and bring water to 120 degrees over medium heat. Return jars to pot of 120-degree water. Transfer both pots to oven. Incubate yogurt, without opening oven door, for 5 hours.
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# Prepare sous vide water bath, with 5 quarts of water in the container.  Preheat to 110°F.
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# Remove 1 jar from water bath. Using clean spoon, taste yogurt for tartness and consistency. If tarter, thicker yogurt is desired, return jar to water bath and shut oven door. (Bear in mind that yogurt will thicken significantly as it cools but can be loosened up by stirring prior to serving.) Set oven to 350 degrees and heat for 3 minutes (start your timer as soon as you set the dial; oven will not reach 350 degrees). Turn off oven and let incubate for up to 10 more hours, repeating heating step each time oven door is opened. Remove jars from water bath and refrigerate until fully cooled and set, about 8 hours. (Yogurt can be refrigerated for up to 2 weeks.)
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# Whisk yogurt into warm milk until thoroughly mixed and distribute the mixture evenly between 4 Weck canning jars, approximately 3 cups in each jar.
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# Place Weck canning jars into sous vide water bath and cover loosely with lids. Cover water bath to prevent evaporation. Let milk incubate for 12 hours.
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==How to Customize==
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# Remove jars from water bath and let stand at room temperature for 1-2 hours.
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Making yogurt that you’ll love begins with choosing a starter yogurt that you enjoy. Any variety (whole milk, Greek, Icelandic, etc.) will do the job, but keep in mind that different brands use different combinations of bacteria, and this accounts for variability in flavors ranging from buttery to cheesy to tangy to mild; textures can be firm, thin, gelatinous, ropy, or custardy. These qualities will transfer to your finished yogurt.
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# Line a large sieve with cheesecloth and strain yogurt. Let yogurt strain for 30 minutes, scraping and stirring in the thickened yogurt from the sides of the strainer once or twice.  Yogurt volume will be reduced by roughly 50% at the end of this process, to about 24oz total.  Adjust the straining time to get the thickness of yogurt you prefer.
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# Stir yogurt to an even thickness and then ladle into storage container(s) and refrigerate until fully cooled and set, about 8 hours. (Yogurt can be kept refrigerated for up to 2 weeks.)
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Then there’s the milk. Any type (whole, low-fat, or skim) will work, but the more fat your milk contains, the richer your yogurt will be and the more structure it will have.
 
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And yet, the starter and milk are only the beginning. Here are more ways to create a truly artisanal yogurt to suit your personal tastes. 
 
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===Tweak the Consistency===
 
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RICHER
 
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Sustitute ½ cup ultrapasteurized heavy cream for ½ cup milk.
 
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DENSER
 
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Whisk ¼ cup nonfat dry milk powder into cold milk before heating it.
 
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STRAINED (Greek yogurt)
 
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Place triple layer of cheesecloth over mouth of jar, screw on lid ring, and drain in refrigerator upside down in 2-cup measuring cup overnight.
 
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===Add Flavorings===
 
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EXTRACTS
 
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Stir ¼ teaspoon extract (we like vanilla or almond) into milk along with starter.
 
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SWEETENERS
 
  
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Garnish individual servings with white or brown sugar, honey, maple syrup, or fruit jam.
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==Source==
  
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===Control Sourness and Thickness===
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Cook's Illustrated - March/April 2022
  
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Adjust the incubation time to produce the effect you desire: The longer yogurt ferments, the more lactic acid is produced, and the more sour and thick it becomes. Chilling stops fermentation and allows the gel to set fully (it will loosen when stirred or served).
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[[Category: Food]]
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[[Category: Recipes]]
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 12:35, 10 August 2022

I adapted an America's Test Kitchen recipe for homemade yogurt for my sous vide immersion heater.

I use Weck 743 glass canning jars as my yogurt containers, each of which holds about three cups of yogurt. My measurements are based on using four of these jars. Adjust the amount of milk in the recipe according to the capacity of the jars you use.

Ingredients

10 cups whole milk
1 cup heavy cream (if unavailable, substitute whole milk)
½ cup nonfat dry milk powder (optional, for denser yogurt)
1 cup plain yogurt with live, active cultures (Use prior batch as a starter or purchase new from the grocery store.)

Directions

  1. Combine the milk, cream, and dry milk powder (if using) in a saucepan. Scald the mixture (bring to 181°F.) Remove from heat and let stand, cooling to 120°F, about 75 minutes. (Do not attempt to accelerate the cooling process by placing in the refrigerator or a cold water bath. This will inhibit yogurt culture development.)
  2. Prepare sous vide water bath, with 5 quarts of water in the container. Preheat to 110°F.
  3. Whisk yogurt into warm milk until thoroughly mixed and distribute the mixture evenly between 4 Weck canning jars, approximately 3 cups in each jar.
  4. Place Weck canning jars into sous vide water bath and cover loosely with lids. Cover water bath to prevent evaporation. Let milk incubate for 12 hours.
  5. Remove jars from water bath and let stand at room temperature for 1-2 hours.
  6. Line a large sieve with cheesecloth and strain yogurt. Let yogurt strain for 30 minutes, scraping and stirring in the thickened yogurt from the sides of the strainer once or twice. Yogurt volume will be reduced by roughly 50% at the end of this process, to about 24oz total. Adjust the straining time to get the thickness of yogurt you prefer.
  7. Stir yogurt to an even thickness and then ladle into storage container(s) and refrigerate until fully cooled and set, about 8 hours. (Yogurt can be kept refrigerated for up to 2 weeks.)

Source

Cook's Illustrated - March/April 2022

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